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In 2019 Institute of Ningbo Materials of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in just a few weeks, a 36 -carat high -purity diamond is synthesized with methane gas as the main raw material, which marks my country's breakthrough in China. The production process of large -volume single crystal diamonds. In the future, larger diamonds will continue to enter the field of production and life. So why do scientists synthesize diamonds artificially? What is the use of artificial synthetic diamond?

What is diamond

The is actually the same substance, but diamond is a mineral name, and diamonds are a jewelry The scientific name, the high -purity diamond stone is "diamond".

What is the use of diamond?

The glass knife we ​​usually use, the top is actually diamond. The knife and oil drills used in precision mechanical processing are plated with diamonds on the surface to improve their abrasion resistance. Because diamond is the hardest natural material in the world.

has a characteristic of diamond stone, that is, the heat conduction is particularly good. Its thermal conductivity is about 5 times the pure copper thermal conductivity at room temperature. It has potential applications in the semiconductor industry. According to Moore's Law, components of large -scale integrated circuits are constantly narrowing and density continuously increased, resulting in their heat load continuously rising. If the calories are not dispersed in time, the circuit board and destruction of the semiconductor can be burned. If we can use the high thermal guidance of diamonds to be a substrate or heat sink as a large -scale integrated circuit, it can scatter the heat in time to solve the bottleneck of currently restricting the development of electronic components.

Why "artificial" diamond?

has a wide range of diamond applications, but my country's diamond reserves are not abundant, and it is difficult to meet industrial needs alone by natural diamonds. In order to change this situation, in the 1960s, after hard work, my country gradually mastered the technology of "artificial" diamond. After entering the 21st century, the artificial synthesis of diamond industry has made rapid progress. In recent years %Output. On the other hand, my country is also constantly improving the production process of "artificial" diamonds, and strives to produce more particles and higher purity diamonds.

What are the methods of "artificial" diamond?

The method of artificial synthetic diamonds is usually used.

The formation of natural diamonds is a high -temperature and high -pressure environment. So how to generate such a special environment with high temperature and high pressure? The simple and rude method is to detonate the explosion. If the explosives containing graphite are placed in a special container and then detonated by the explosives, it will instantly generate strong pressure and high temperature, then these graphite can be converted into diamonds. This method can get many fine powder diamonds. Its particles are very small, only 5 to 15 nanometers. The application of as jewelry as jewelry may be limited, but it is very important as an industrial abrasive.

The second method is called high temperature and high pressure method. This is a relatively long period of stability, maintaining a high -pressure and high temperature environment, and slowly transforming graphite into diamond. By controlling the synthetic conditions and time, diamonds can continue to grow. At about a day, you can get 5 millimeters of diamond.

The third method is called chemical gas deposition method. This is a method gradually developed in the 1990s. This method mainly uses some carbon -containing gases, such as some mixed gas of methane and hydrogen as a carbon source. Under a certain energy input, the methane gas is decomposed and the base is turned into diamond. The advantage of this method is that the efficiency is relatively high, relatively controllable, and it can get pure diamonds with pure impurities without impurities, which is an important direction for the current development.

In future, diamond synthesis will develop in the direction of high -purity large particles. For the demand for diamonds, we will no longer rely only on the gifts of nature, and artificial synthetic diamonds will also enter more production areas to obtain a wider range of applications.

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Perical new technology
"New Method of King Kong Stone Synthetic"
Broadcast time: June 20th 19:31

Plash/ editor of Yan Dong/ Liu Ming Huang Lijun
Editor/ Zhang Lan Yang Li Xu Shengyuan (internship)